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e.g. vs. i.e.: What's the Difference?
Quick answer
- e.g. introduces examples, some of the possibilities.
- i.e. restates or clarifies, the exact thing you mean.
The difference
e.g. opens the list; i.e. closes it. If you could add “and others” to the end, use e.g. If you are naming the whole thing precisely, use i.e.
e.g.
- Usually
- abbreviation
- Think
- for example
- Meaning
- From Latin exempli gratia, “for example”.
- Example
- Bring something warm (e.g. a fleece or a scarf).
i.e.
- Usually
- abbreviation
- Think
- in other words
- Meaning
- From Latin id est, “that is”.
- Example
- The deadline is end of business Friday, i.e. 5pm.
When to use e.g.
Use e.g. when giving one or two illustrations out of many. Do not end the list with “etc.”, e.g. already implies it.
- Soft fruits (e.g. raspberries) bruise easily.
- Use a strong verb, e.g. cut, drive or build.
When to use i.e.
Use i.e. to restate something more precisely, or to name the complete set.
- Only full members, i.e. those who have paid this year, may vote.
- It ships next quarter, i.e. after March.
Remember it
e.g. = example given. i.e. = in essence.
In most style guides both keep their full stops and are followed by a comma in US usage: “e.g., raspberries”.
Common mix-up
Incorrect: Bring a warm layer, i.e. a fleece, a jumper or a coat.
Correct: Bring a warm layer, e.g. a fleece, a jumper or a coat.
These are examples, not a precise restatement.
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